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中国高翻团队倾力之作

全文字数：1452字

阅读时间：5分钟

上期翻译答案

According to the research group Airfinity, approximately 84% of Johnson & Johnson’s vaccines and 96% of Moderna’shave gone toupper-middle- and high-income countries – though the latter is reportedly close to a deal to sell more doses to low- and middle-income countries after pressure from Joe Biden’s administration.

根据研究机构Airfinity的数据，强生、摩德纳公司的疫苗分别约有84%、96%都流向了中高收入国家——但是据说在乔·拜登政府的压力下，摩德纳即将达成协议，同意向中低收入国家出售更多疫苗。

《本期内容》

导读

点击下方查看导读

此前有调查显示，互联网用户中，保守派用户分享假新闻的可能性更大：18%的共和党人分享假新闻网站的链接，而民主党人的这一比例不到4% 。其中的原因是什么？

双语阅读

Who shares fake news? Political scientists, behavioral researchers and the media have said that political conservatives are largely responsible for theproliferationof misinformation. But although there is adocumentedassociation, not all conservatives share fake news or endorse such behavior. Suchsweeping generalizationsthreaten to condemn everyone who subscribes to conservative values, and that, in turn, risks further and more dangerous polarization.

是谁在散布假新闻？政治学家、行为研究员和媒体都表示，政治保守派对错误信息的泛滥负有很大一部分责任。但是，虽然有证据表明二者之间存在联系，但并非所有的保守党都散布假新闻或支持这种行为。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~

To find solutions to this misinformation crisis, our society needs a clear-eyed assessment of who and what drives the spread of malicious falsehoods and conspiracy theories. So our research on misinformation sharing has examined another key determinant of individual behavior: personality. There are several systems for identifying and measuring personality traits, but one of the most widely used is the five-factor theory, often called the Big Five.

要想找到错误信息危机的解决方案，我们的社会需要对推动恶意虚假信息和阴谋论传播的罪魁祸首有清晰准确的评估。因此，我们对散布错误信息的研究考察了决定个人行为的另一个关键因素：性格。有几种识别和测量性格特质的系统，但其中最广泛使用的是五因素理论，通常称为“五理论”。

It organizes traits into five categories: openness to experience, conscientiousness,extraversion, agreeableness and neuroticism. Within this framework, we focused specifically on conscientiousness, which captures differences in people’s orderliness, impulse control, conventionality and reliability.

它将特质分为五个类别：开放性、严谨性、外向性、宜人性和神经质。在这个框架内，我们特别关注严谨性，它反映了人们在秩序性、冲动控制、常规性和可靠性方面的差异。

We thought that conscientiousness could help explain the link between political conservatism and sharing fake news. Specifically, we predicted that low-conscientiousness conservatives (LCCs) woulddisseminatemore misinformation than other conservatives or low-conscientiousness liberals. We decided to investigate the relationship between personality, politics, and sharing fake news though a series of eight studies, involving 4,642 participants.

我们认为，严谨性可以帮助解释政治保守主义和分享假新闻之间的联系。具体来说，我们预测，低严谨性的保守派会比其他保守派或低严谨性的自由派传播更多错误信息。我们决定对4642名受试者进行八项系列研究，来调查性格、政治和分享假新闻之间的关系。

We found that both liberals and conservatives sometimes saw false stories as accurate—and this error was likely driven in part by wanting certain stories to be true because theyalignedwith their beliefs. In addition, people of all political persuasions share false news, but this behavior was markedly higher among LCCs when compared with everyone else in the study.

我们发现，自由派和保守派都存在有时候把虚假的故事看成是真实准确的情况，造成这种误解的部分原因可能在于他们希望某些事情是真的，因为如果事情为真，会与他们的信仰一致。此外，所有政治派别的人都会分享虚假新闻，但与研究中的其他人相比，低严谨性保守派的这种行为明显更多。

词汇积累

1.proliferation

英 /prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən/ 美 /prəˌlɪfəˈreɪʃən/
n.增殖，扩散；分芽繁殖
2.document
英 /ˈdɒkjəmənt/ 美 /ˈdɒkjəmənt/
n. 文件，文献; 证件；(计算机)文件
v. 记录，记载(详情)
3.extraversion
英 /ekstrə'vɜːʃən/ 美 /ekstrə'vɜːʃən/
n.外向性；外倾性
4.disseminate
英 /dɪˈsɛmɪˌneɪt/ 美 /dɪˈsɛmɪˌneɪt/
vt.宣传，传播；散布
5.align
英 /əˈlaɪn/ 美 /əˈlaɪn/
v. 公开支持，与……结盟; (使)排成一条直线，使平行; 调整，使一致; (使)参加，加入

词组搭配

1.sweeping generalizations 笼统概括

写作句总结

To find solutions to this misinformation crisis, our society needs a clear-eyed assessment of who and what drives the spread of malicious falsehoods and conspiracy theories.

结构: To find solutions to …, our society needs a clear-eyed assessment of ….

为了找寻…解决方案，我们的社会需要对…有清晰准确的评估

例句: To find solutions to the Internet rumours, our society needs a clear-eyed assessment of regulating the duties and responsibilities of netizens.

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